{"id":792,"date":"2016-02-20T20:29:53","date_gmt":"2016-02-20T19:29:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ok2jnj.ok2kld.cz\/ok2jnj\/?p=792"},"modified":"2021-12-29T11:48:30","modified_gmt":"2021-12-29T10:48:30","slug":"tft-display-ssd1963-atmega162","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ok2jnj.ok2kld.cz\/ok2jnj\/cs\/2016\/02\/tft-display-ssd1963-atmega162\/","title":{"rendered":"TFT display s \u0159adi\u010dem SSD1963 a ATmega162"},"content":{"rendered":"

V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se budu v\u011bnovat popisu ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed TFT displeje, kter\u00fd byl koupen na Ebay.com<\/a>. TFT display je \u0159\u00edzen \u0159adi\u010dem SSD1963. Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed displeje je 3,3V a se zapnut\u00fdm podsv\u00edcen\u00edm bude pot\u0159eba skoro 300mA – podle toho je pot\u0159eba navrhnout zdroj pro prvn\u00ed pokusy na nep\u00e1jiv\u00e9m poli. V prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u010dl\u00e1nku pop\u00ed\u0161u p\u0159ipojen\u00ed \u0159adi\u010de k procesoru \u0159ady ATmega a inicializaci \u0159adi\u010de. V dal\u0161\u00edch kapitol\u00e1ch textu budou pops\u00e1ny funkce nutn\u00e9 k vykreslen\u00ed bodu, \u010d\u00e1ry, obd\u00e9ln\u00edku a kruhu na TFT display. \u0158adi\u010d displeje neobsahuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd alfanumerick\u00fd font, jako je obvykl\u00e9 u LCD displej\u016f s \u0159adi\u010di HD44780, nebo T6963. Tam sta\u010dilo poslat na displej k\u00f3d znaku a \u0159adi\u010d displeje se postaral o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed znaku ze sv\u00e9 pam\u011bti. P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s \u0159adi\u010dem SSD1963 se o tvorbu znak\u016f mus\u00ed postarat program v procesoru, jednotliv\u00e9 znaky je pot\u0159eba poslat na displej jako pole barevn\u00fdch bod\u016f. Tak\u017ee v posledn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u010dl\u00e1nku se pokus\u00edme z Windows do pam\u011bti procesoru ATmega dostat n\u011bjak\u00fd font.<\/p>\n

Popisovan\u00fd TFT display m\u00e1 rozli\u0161en\u00ed 480 x 272 bod\u016f.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipojen\u00ed \u0159adi\u010de SSD1963 k procesoru ATmega644<\/h3>\n

\"TFT<\/a><\/p>\n

Komunikace prob\u00edh\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm 16-ti bitov\u00e9, nebo 8-mi bitov\u00e9 sb\u011brnice a \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edch vodi\u010d\u016f. \u0158adi\u010d umo\u017e\u0148uje uspo\u0159\u00e1dat \u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edch vodi\u010d\u016f tak, jak je zvykem u procesor\u016f \u0159ady 6800, nebo u procesor\u016f \u0159ady 8080. V displeji kter\u00fd m\u00e1m k dispozici, je \u0159adi\u010d zapojen v re\u017eimu 8080, tak\u017ee se pod\u00edv\u00e1me, jak za\u0159\u00eddit komunikaci v tomto re\u017eimu:<\/p>\n

\"SSD1963
Obr\u00e1zek z datov\u00e9ho listu obvodu SSD1963<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

P\u0159i z\u00e1pisu dat do displeje, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt data p\u0159ipravena na sb\u011brnici, sign\u00e1l \/WR mus\u00ed b\u00fdt aktivn\u00ed (\u00farove\u0148 L) a data do displeje budou p\u0159enesena sestupnou hranou sign\u00e1lu \/CS. Nakonec se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee po\u0159ad\u00ed sign\u00e1lu \/WR a \/CS m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i opa\u010dn\u00e9. Tak\u017ee pokud na datov\u00e9 sb\u011brnici procesoru nen\u00ed p\u0159ipojen jin\u00fd obvod ne\u017e displej, sta\u010d\u00ed pro komunikaci sign\u00e1l \/WR. Sign\u00e1l \/CS, v\u00fdb\u011br obvodu, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ipojen na \u00farove\u0148 L po\u0159\u00e1d. P\u0159i \u010dten\u00ed dat z displeje je nutn\u00e9, aby datov\u00e1 sb\u011brnice procesoru byla ve stavu vysok\u00e9 impedance. Data na n\u00ed budou k dispozici, kdy\u017e bude sign\u00e1l \/RD v \u00farovni L. Z displeje v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku nebudeme\u010d\u00edst nic, tak\u017ee \/RD z\u016fstane po\u0159\u00e1d neaktivn\u00ed v \u00farovni H.<\/p>\n

Sign\u00e1l D\/C slou\u017e\u00ed k rozli\u0161en\u00ed, zda jsou p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ena data, nebo p\u0159\u00edkazy (command). Pro p\u0159enos p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f sta\u010d\u00ed 8-mi bitov\u00e1 sb\u011brnice. Pro p\u0159enos barev je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed \u0161est bit\u016f na ka\u017edou barvu, \u010dervenou, zelenou a modrou. To je dohromady 18 bit\u016f. \u0158adi\u010d nab\u00edz\u00ed n\u011bkolik mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak barvy p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et. M\u016f\u017eeme pou\u017e\u00edt 8-mi bitovou sb\u011brnici a barvu p\u0159en\u00e9st ve t\u0159ech kroc\u00edch. Nebo je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt dev\u011bt bit\u016f a potom sta\u010d\u00ed dva kroky. Pro 16-ti bitov\u00fd p\u0159enos \u0159adi\u010d umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u0161et\u0159it dva bity z 18-ti. Tento re\u017eim je nazv\u00e1n 5-6-5, \u010derven\u00e1 a modr\u00e1 barva m\u00e1 o jeden bit m\u00ed\u0148. Proto\u017ee je nutn\u00e9 data p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et co nejrychleji – na vykreslen\u00ed 480 x 272 bod\u016f je pot\u0159eba 130560 \u010d\u00edsel,\u00a0 pou\u017eijeme tento re\u017eim.<\/p>\n

\"TFT
Obr\u00e1zek z datov\u00e9ho listu obvodu SSD1963<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b je pot\u0159eba naj\u00edt p\u0159\u00edkaz, kter\u00fd ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 re\u017eimy – je to 0xF0.<\/p>\n

TFT display jsem p\u0159ipojil k procesoru a napsal makra pro jednotliv\u00e9 piny port\u016f, kter\u00e9 budu pot\u0159ebovat:<\/p>\n

#define SSD1963_set_RD\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0PORTD &=~0x08;   \/\/ cteni z displeje, bit 3 portu D\n#define SSD1963_clr_RD\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0PORTD |= 0x08;\n#define SSD1963_set_WR\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0PORTD &=~0x04;   \/\/ zapis do displeje, bit 2 portu D\n#define SSD1963_clr_WR\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0PORTD |= 0x04;\n#define SSD1963_set_RS\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0PORTD |= 0x02;   \/\/ prenos dat, bit 1 portu D\n#define SSD1963_clr_RS\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0PORTD &=~0x02;   \/\/ prenos prikazu\n#define SSD1963_DataL\u00a0\u00a0  \u00a0PORTA\n#define SSD1963_DataH\u00a0\u00a0  \u00a0PORTC<\/pre>\n
Funkce pro p\u0159enos p\u0159\u00edkazu:<\/p>\n
void TFT_SendCommand(unsigned int val)\n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_clr_RS;                \/\/ nastavi pin pro prenos prikazu\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_DataH = val >> 8;      \/\/ horni polovina 16-ti bitoveho cisla na port C\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_DataL = val;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0   \/\/ dolni polovina 16-ti bitoveho cisla na port A\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_set_WR;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ impuls na WR\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_clr_WR;\n}<\/pre>\n
Funkce pro p\u0159enos dat:<\/p>\n
void TFT_SendData(unsigned int val)\n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_set_RS;                \/\/ nastavi pin pro prenos dat\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_DataH = val >> 8;      \/\/ horni polovina 16-ti bitoveho cisla na port C\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_DataL = val;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0    \u00a0\/\/ dolni polovina 16-ti bitoveho cisla na port A\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_set_WR;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ impuls na WR\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_clr_WR;\n}<\/pre>\n
Je\u0161t\u011b se bude hodit funkce, kter\u00e1 najednou po\u0161le p\u0159\u00edkaz a jeho parametr:<\/p>\n
void TFT_WriteDataChar(unsigned int command, unsigned int val)\n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( command );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( val );\n}<\/pre>\n
Inicializace \u0159adi\u010de SSD1963<\/h3>\n
Na za\u010d\u00e1tku pr\u00e1ce, po p\u0159ipojen\u00ed displeje na nap\u00e1jen\u00ed je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed nastavit spoustu registr\u016f v \u0159adi\u010di, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159adi\u010dem ovl\u00e1dat TFT panel. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed funkce provede softwarov\u00fd reset displeje, nastav\u00ed PLL gener\u00e1tor, nastav\u00ed po\u010det bod\u016f na\u0161\u00ed\u0159ku a na v\u00fd\u0161ku displeje. Posledn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st funkce nastav\u00ed PWM gener\u00e1tor, kter\u00fdm je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddit jas podsv\u00edcen\u00ed displeje. Kv\u016fli tomu je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed p\u0159em\u00edstit jeden odpor – propojku na plo\u0161n\u00e9m spoji displeje z pozice R4 na pozici R8. Parametry jednotliv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f jsou p\u0159evzaty z dokumentace, kterou lze st\u00e1hnout ze str\u00e1nek na ebay.com.<\/p>\n
void TFT_Init(void)\n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_clr_WR;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0SSD1963_clr_RD;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x0001 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ software reset\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0_delay_ms( 10 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x00E2 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ PLL multiplier, set PLL clock to 120MHz\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x002D );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0002 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0004 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_WriteDataChar( 0x00E0, 0x0001 );\u00a0\u00a0    \u00a0\/\/ PLL enable\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0_delay_ms( 2 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_WriteDataChar( 0x00E0, 0x0003 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0_delay_ms( 5 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x0001 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ software reset\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0_delay_ms( 5 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x00E6 );\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0  \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/SET PCLK freq=9.5MHz\u00a0 ; pixel clock frequency\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0000 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ 0x03\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x00FF );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x00BE );\n\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x00B0 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ set LCD specification\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0020 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0000 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/LCD panel mode\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0001 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/SET horizontal size=480-1 HightByte\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x00DF );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/SET horizontal size=480-1 LowByte\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0001 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/SET vertical size=272-1 HightByte\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x000F );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/SET vertical size=272-1 LowByte\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0000 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/SET even\/odd line RGB seq.=RGB\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x00B4 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/SET Horizontal Period (8 parameters)\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0002 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/531 HT\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0013 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0000 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/43 HPS\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x002B );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x000A );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/10 HPW\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0000 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0008 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/8 LPS\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0000 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x00B6 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/SET Vertical Period (7 parameters),\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0001 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/288 VT\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0020 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0000 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/12 VPS\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x000C );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x000A );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/10 VPW\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0000 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/4 FPS\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0004 );\n\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_WriteDataChar( 0x0036, 0x0000 );\u00a0\u00a0    \u00a0\/\/rotation!!!!!!!!! toci displejem, prostudovat\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_WriteDataChar( 0x00F0, 0x0003 );\u00a0\u00a0    \u00a0\/\/ 565 format barvy\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0_delay_ms( 5 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x0029 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ Display ON\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x00BE );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0  \u00a0\/\/ set PWM for B\/L\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0006 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x00F0 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ hodnota PWM\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0001 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x00F0 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0000 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0000 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_WriteDataChar( 0x00D0, 0x000D );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x00B8 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ reset GPIO0\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0000 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( 0x0001 );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_WriteDataChar( 0x00BA, 0x0000 );\n}<\/pre>\n
TFT display se poda\u0159ilo p\u0159ipojit a rozsv\u00edtit. Pam\u011b\u0165 t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem inicializovan\u00e9ho displeje je napln\u011bna n\u00e1hodn\u00fdmi \u010d\u00edsly. Proto budou i barvy na displeji rozm\u00edst\u011bny chaoticky – zrn\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech mo\u017en\u00fdch barev. Budeme pot\u0159ebovat funkci, kter\u00e1 cel\u00fd displej zapln\u00ed jednou barvou. No a proto\u017ee jsou barvy vyj\u00e1d\u0159eny 16-ti bitov\u00fdmi \u010d\u00edsly, bude dobr\u00e9 nadefinovat n\u011bkolik z\u00e1kladn\u00edch barev, abychom si nemuseli pamatovat jejich \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed:<\/p>\n
#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColBlack\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0   \u00a0 \u00a00x0000\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ cerna\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColNavy\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x000F\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ namorni modra\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColBlue\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x001F\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ modra\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColDarkBlue\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x01CF\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ tmave modra\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColDarkGreen\u00a0\u00a0    \u00a00x03E0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ tmave zelena\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColDarkCyan\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x03EF\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ tmave azurova\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColGreen\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0    \u00a00x07E0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ zelena\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColCyan\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x07FF\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ azurova\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColGrayBlue\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x5458\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ seda modra\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColMaroon\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0   \u00a00x7800\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ hnedocervena\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColPurple\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0   \u00a00x780F\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ nachova\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColOlive\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0    \u00a00x7BEF\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ olivova\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColLightBlue\u00a0\u00a0    \u00a00x7D7C\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ svetle modra\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColPorpo\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0    \u00a00x801F\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColDarkGrey\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x8410\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ tmave seda\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColGrey\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x8430\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ seda\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColLGreyGreen\u00a0\u00a0   \u00a00xA651\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ svetle sedozelena\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColLightGrey\u00a0\u00a0    \u00a00xC618\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ svetle seda\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColRed\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0  \u00a00xF800\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ cervena\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColMagneta\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0  \u00a00xF81F\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ purpurova\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColOrange\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0   \u00a00xFC08\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ oranz\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColYellow\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0   \u00a00xFFE0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ zluta\n#define\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0ColWhite\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0    \u00a00xFFFF\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ bila<\/pre>\n
<\/h3>\n
TFT display a funkce pro kreslen\u00ed<\/h3>\n
Na za\u010d\u00e1tku ka\u017ed\u00e9 operace na displeji vymez\u00edme prostor – obd\u00e9ln\u00edk, ve kter\u00e9m budeme kreslit. K tomu slou\u017e\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz 0x2A a 0x2B, kter\u00e9 jsem vyu\u017eil v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed funkci:<\/p>\n
void TFT_WindowSet(unsigned int StartX, unsigned int EndX, unsigned int StartY, unsigned int EndY)\n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x002A );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ SET page address\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( StartX >> 8 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0  \/\/ SET start page address\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( StartX );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( EndX >> 8 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ SET end page address\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( EndX );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x002B );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0  \/\/ SET column address\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( StartY >> 8 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ SET start column address\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( StartY );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( EndY >> 8 );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ SET end column address\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( EndY );\n}<\/pre>\n
A tady je funkce, kter\u00e1 vyhrazenou plochu displeje zapln\u00ed zadanou barvou. Do prostoru v pam\u011bti displeje vyhrazen\u00e9ho funkc\u00ed TFT_WindowSet, nahraje po\u017eadovanou barvu. To, \u017ee bude zah\u00e1jeno nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed barev do pam\u011bti, ozn\u00e1m\u00ed \u0159adi\u010di p\u0159\u00edkaz 0x2C:<\/p>\n
void TFT_ColorBox(unsigned int StartX, unsigned int EndX, unsigned int StartY, unsigned int EndY, unsigned int color)\n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0unsigned int x, y;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_WindowSet( StartX, EndX, StartY, EndY );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x002C );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0for( x = StartX; x <= EndX; x++ )\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0for ( y = StartY; y <= EndY; y++ )\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( color );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ nastavi barvu\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n}<\/pre>\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed funkce je podobn\u00e1, ale vyhrazen\u00e1 plocha m\u00e1 velikost jednoho bodu. Tak\u017ee nakresl\u00edme bod:<\/p>\n
void TFT_DrawPoint(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, unsigned int color)\n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_WindowSet( x, x, y, y );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendCommand( 0x002C );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( color );\n}<\/pre>\n
No a na konec budeme kreslit p\u0159\u00edmku, obd\u00e9ln\u00edk a kru\u017enici:<\/p>\n
void TFT_DrawLine(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2,\nunsigned int y2, unsigned int color)\n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0int dx, dy, stepx, stepy, fraction;\n\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0dy = y2 - y1;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0dx = x2 - x1;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0if (dy < 0)\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0dy = -dy;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0stepy = -1;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0else stepy = 1;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0if (dx < 0)\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0dx = -dx;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0stepx = -1;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0else stepx = 1;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0dx <<= 1;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0dy <<= 1;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawPoint( x1, y1, color );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0if (dx > dy)\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0fraction = dy - (dx >> 1);\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0while( x1 != x2 )\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0if (fraction >= 0)\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0y1\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 += stepy;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0fraction -= dx;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0x1\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 += stepx;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0fraction\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 += dy;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawPoint( x1, y1, color );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0else\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0fraction = dx - (dy >> 1);\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0while( y1 != y2 )\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0if (fraction >= 0)\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0x1\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0+= stepx;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0fraction\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0-= dy;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0y1\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0+= stepy;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0fraction\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0+= dx;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawPoint( x1, y1, color );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n}<\/pre>\n
void TFT_DrawBox(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2,\nunsigned int y2, unsigned int color)\n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawLine( x1, y1, x2, y1, color);\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ horni cara\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawLine( x1, y2, x2, y2, color);\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ spodni cara\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawLine( x2, y1, x2, y2, color);\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ prava cara\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawLine( x1, y1, x1, y2, color);\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ leva cara\n}<\/pre>\n
void TFT_DrawCircle(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, unsigned int radius,\nunsigned int color)\n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0int xc = 0;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0int yc, p;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0yc = radius;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0p = 3 - (radius << 1);\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0while( xc <= yc)\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawPoint( x + xc, y - yc, color );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawPoint( x - xc, y - yc, color );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawPoint( x + yc, y - xc, color );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawPoint( x - yc, y - xc, color );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawPoint( x + xc, y + yc, color );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawPoint( x - xc, y + yc, color );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawPoint( x + yc, y + xc, color );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_DrawPoint( x - yc, y + xc, color );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0if (p < 0)\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0p += ( xc++ << 2 ) + 6;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0else\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0p += (( xc++ - yc-- ) << 2 ) + 10;\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n}<\/pre>\n
TFT display a fukce pro psan\u00ed alfanumerick\u00fdch znak\u016f<\/h3>\n
P\u00edsmenka jsou v pam\u011bti procesoru ulo\u017eena jako sady \u010dern\u00fdch a b\u00edl\u00fdch bod\u016f, kter\u00fdmi je nutn\u00e9 zaplnit obd\u00e9ln\u00edk velik\u00fd jako p\u00edsmenko. K vyhrazen\u00ed obd\u00e9ln\u00edku slou\u017e\u00ed funkce TFT_WindowSet. Nyn\u00ed je pot\u0159eba p\u0159ij\u00edt na to, kde vz\u00edt soubor p\u00edsmenek, ide\u00e1ln\u011b z font\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed syst\u00e9mu Windows. Na\u0161el jsem voln\u011b dostupn\u00fd program MikroElektronika-GLCD<\/a>. Do n\u011bj je mo\u017en\u00e9 importovat ka\u017ed\u00fd font, kter\u00fd je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Windows, v po\u017eadovan\u00e9 velikosti. P\u0159i importu lze zvolit rozsah importovan\u00fdch znak\u016f (smysl maj\u00ed znaky 32 – 127), mo\u017enosti posouv\u00e1n\u00ed znak\u016f k okraji bitmapy dle pot\u0159eby. Jednotliv\u00e9 znaky lze d\u00e1l upravovat podle vlastn\u00ed fantazie:<\/p>\n
\"TFT<\/p>\n
Kdy\u017e jsme s fontem spokojeni, m\u016f\u017eeme jej vyexportovat do pole dat, kter\u00e9 bude mo\u017eno pou\u017e\u00edt v AVR studiu:<\/p>\n
const unsigned char Tahoma11x13[] PROGMEM\u00a0 = \n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x00,\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x00,\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x20,0x00,\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x7F,0x00,\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x0D,\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x00,\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x01,0x88,0x01,0x00,\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x02,0x95,0x01,0x00,\n    0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ Code for char num 32\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ Code for char num 33\n.......<\/pre>\n
Tohle je jenom kousek… datov\u00e9 pole je celkem velk\u00e9. Prvn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dek pln\u00fd nul, k\u00f3d 32, je mezera. Na dal\u0161\u00edm \u0159\u00e1dku je zobrazen vyk\u0159i\u010dn\u00edk, tak\u017ee data 0x02 zobrazuj\u00ed \u0161est bod\u016f pod sebou. Potom je mezera a pak dva body pro te\u010dku vyk\u0159i\u010dn\u00edku. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem jsou ulo\u017eena v\u0161echna p\u00edsmena fontu. \u010cty\u0159i fonty, kter\u00e9 jsou na \u00favodn\u00ed fotografii zaberou v pam\u011bti procesoru asi 30kb.<\/p>\n
Je pot\u0159eba si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee p\u0159eklada\u010d AVR studia automaticky vytvo\u0159\u00ed program, kter\u00fd na za\u010d\u00e1tku ulo\u017e\u00ed obsah datov\u00e9ho pole do pam\u011bti RAM procesoru. No a to je probl\u00e9m, proto\u017ee pam\u011bti RAM v ATmega nen\u00ed moc, mus\u00edme \u0161et\u0159it. A tvar znak\u016f b\u011bhem chodu programu nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba m\u011bnit, tak\u017ee nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd d\u016fvod, aby pole bylo v RAM. K tomu, aby pole dat z\u016fstalo v pam\u011bti programu a odtud bylo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no, slou\u017e\u00ed knihovna pgmspace.h. Tu p\u0159ipoj\u00edme na za\u010d\u00e1tku programu a potom m\u016f\u017eeme vyu\u017e\u00edt jej\u00ed funkce. Do n\u00e1zvu pole dat dopln\u00edme slovo PROGMEM – data z\u016fstanou v pam\u011bti programu a pam\u011b\u0165 RAM z\u016fstane voln\u00e1.<\/p>\n
Nyn\u00ed mus\u00edme pochopit, jak jsou data uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1na, abychom je um\u011bli pou\u017e\u00edt. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku datov\u00e9ho pole je vyzna\u010den k\u00f3d prvn\u00edho a posledn\u00edho znaku. Za\u010d\u00e1tek je 0x20 hexadecim\u00e1ln\u011b, to je 32 decim\u00e1ln\u011b, podle ASCII tabulky mezera. Konec datov\u00e9ho pole je hexadecim\u00e1ln\u011b 0x7F = 127 decim\u00e1ln\u011b, to je kousek za mal\u00fdm Z, je\u0161t\u011b je tam ~ a je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bco. D\u00e1l je v datov\u00e9m poli \u010d\u00edslo 0x0D, to bude v\u00fd\u0161ka p\u00edsmenka – po\u010det \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f, pixel\u016f displeje, kter\u00e9 jsou zapot\u0159eb\u00ed pro zobrazen\u00ed. Pak tu m\u00e1me v\u017edy \u010dtve\u0159ici \u010d\u00edsel pro ka\u017ed\u00fd znak ulo\u017een\u00fd v datov\u00e9m poli. Prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo ud\u00e1v\u00e1 po\u010det sloupc\u016f, pixel\u016f displeje – znaky maj\u00ed r\u016fznou \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku. Dal\u0161\u00ed t\u0159i \u010d\u00edsla ozna\u010duj\u00ed m\u00edsto v poli dat, na kter\u00e9m za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 p\u00edsmenko. P\u00edsmenko je v poli dat zobrazeno po \u0159\u00e1dc\u00edch. Bity jdou zleva do prava, od bitu s nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed vahou k nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Tak\u017ee p\u0159i zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed budeme \u010d\u00edslem rotovat doprava a \u010d\u00edst bit 0. Pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed znaky bude \u010d\u00edsel na jeden \u0159\u00e1dek pot\u0159eba v\u00edc, jde jedno za druh\u00fdm. A kdy\u017e bude jeden \u0159\u00e1dek zapln\u011bn, nov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1dek za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 nov\u00fdm \u010d\u00edslem.<\/p>\n
V prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti funkce pro zobrazen\u00ed znaku z pole dat p\u0159e\u010dteme \u00fadaje o znaku, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 b\u00fdt zobrazen. Znaky jsou se\u0159azeny tak, jak jdou za sebou v tabulce ASCII, tak\u017ee od vstupn\u00ed prom\u011bnn\u00e9 ChAscii sta\u010d\u00ed ode\u010d\u00edst 32 a m\u016f\u017eeme \u010d\u00edst \u00fadaje z pole dat:<\/p>\n
Column = pgm_read_byte(&( Tahoma11x13[( ChAscii * 4 ) + 8\u00a0 ] ));\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ pocet zobrazenych sloupcu\nPointerStart =\u00a0 pgm_read_byte(&( Tahoma11x13[( ChAscii * 4 ) + 10 ] )) * 256;\u00a0  \/\/ misto kde zacina pismenko\nPointerStart += pgm_read_byte(&( Tahoma11x13[( ChAscii * 4 ) + 9\u00a0 ] ));\nChAscii++;\nPointerEnd =\u00a0 pgm_read_byte(&( Tahoma11x13[( ChAscii * 4 ) + 10 ] )) * 256;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ misto kde konci pismenko\nPointerEnd += pgm_read_byte(&( Tahoma11x13[( ChAscii * 4 ) + 9\u00a0 ] ));<\/pre>\n
pgm_read_byte je z knihovny pgmspace.h. V dal\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti funkce je smy\u010dka, kter\u00e1 bude z pole dat postupn\u011b \u010d\u00edst bajty a rotovat jimi. Podle hodnoty nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edho bitu bude na displej odesl\u00e1na barva pozad\u00ed, nebo barva znaku – kdy\u017e bit = 1.<\/p>\n
TFT_WindowSet( x, x + Column + 2, y, y + Row - 1 ); \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ nastavi pracovni plochu na displeji\nTFT_SendCommand( 0x002C );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0  \u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ bude posilat data do pracovni plochy\nCounterBits = 8;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ pocitadlo vysilanych bitu\nCounterColumn = 0;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ pocitadlo sloupcu\nwhile( PointerEnd != PointerStart )\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ konec, kdyz jsou vyslany vsechny data znaku\n{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0if( CounterBits == 8 )\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ pri osmem bitu vezme dalsi bajt\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0CounterBits = 0;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ vynuluje pocitadlo bitu\n        Bits = pgm_read_byte(&( Tahoma11x13[ PointerStart ] ));\u00a0 \/\/ veme novy bajt ze spravne znakove sady\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0PointerStart++;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ pocitadlo bajtu, ktere se maji vyslat\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0if( Bits & 0x01 ) TFT_SendData( ColFront );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \/\/ posila barvu bitu\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0else TFT_SendData( ColBack );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Bits = Bits >> 1;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ posune se na dalsi bit\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0CounterColumn++;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ posune se na dalsi sloupec\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0CounterBits++;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0  \/\/ pocitadlo bitu\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0if( CounterColumn == Column )\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0  \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ kontrola, jestli je sloupec posledni\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0CounterColumn = 0;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ vynuluje pocitadlo sloupcu\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( ColBack );\u00a0\u00a0  \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ prida slopec za pismeno\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0CounterBits = 8;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ novych 8 bitu\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0  TFT_SendData( ColBack );\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ dalsi sloupec za pismenkem\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0TFT_SendData( ColBack );\n\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0}\n}\nColumn += 2;\nreturn Column;\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ vraci pocet spotrebovanych sloupcu<\/pre>\n
\u00a0Soubory ke sta\u017een\u00ed<\/h3>\n
Knihovna pro komunikaci s obvodem SSD1963, v\u010detn\u011b funkce pro inicializaci obvodu<\/p>\n
TFT_SSD1963.h<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_SSD1963.c<\/a><\/p>\n
Knihovna obsahuje grafick\u00e9 funkce<\/p>\n
TFT_GraphicFunctions.h<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_GraphicFunctions.c<\/a><\/p>\n
Knihovna obsahuje alfanumerick\u00e9 funkce pro psan\u00ed textu a \u010d\u00edslic<\/p>\n
TFT_AlphanumericFunctions.c<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_AlphanumericFunctions.h<\/a><\/p>\n
Fonty, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eity v knihovn\u011b alfanumerick\u00fdch funkc\u00ed<\/p>\n
TFT_Tahoma32x33<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Tahoma30x32<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Tahoma15x16<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Tahoma11x13<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Segoe_Print28x47<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Segmental30x33<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Nixie_One33x32<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Nixie_One38x37<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Nixie_One45x43<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Nixie_One50x47<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Segmental11x13<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Segmental15x17<\/a><\/p>\n
TFT_Segmental21x25<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
funkce pro TFT displeje s \u0159adi\u010dem SSD1963, ovl\u00e1dan\u00fd procesorem ATmega, v\u010detn\u011b font\u016f z Windows<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":802,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[141,136,126,142,143,140,129],"class_list":["post-792","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-programovani","tag-alfanumeric-library","tag-atmel","tag-display","tag-font","tag-graphic-library","tag-ssd1963","tag-tft"],"yoast_head":"\nTFT display s \u0159adi\u010dem SSD1963 a ATmega162 - Franti\u0161ek Posp\u00ed\u0161il<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"funkce pro ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed TFT display s \u0159adi\u010dem SSD1963 procesorem ATmega162, v\u010detn\u011b popisu pou\u017eit\u00ed font\u016f z Windows\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ok2jnj.ok2kld.cz\/ok2jnj\/cs\/2016\/02\/tft-display-ssd1963-atmega162\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"TFT display s \u0159adi\u010dem SSD1963 a ATmega162 - 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